The Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), today's official designation Apollo Lunar Module (LM), is the landing vehicle of NASA's Apollo spacecrafts. It is used to transfer astronauts between the Command and Service Module (CSM) in lunar orbit and the surface of the Moon. It can accommodate 2 astronauts.
The LEM consists of two stages, the descent stage and the ascent stage. At takeoff, the descent stage is used as a launch pad and left behind on the surface. After reaching the CSM, the ascent stage is also discarded.
Before the lunar base Jamestown was built, the LEM's ascent stage was the only available housing for the astronauts, where they would eat and rest and could live without wearing spacesuits.
The LEM was later superseded by its successor, the Lunar Surface Access Module (LSAM).
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Apollo Lunar Module on Wikipedia
